Bing Crosby was influenced by Armstrong's songs, namely "Lazy River. [129], Recordings of Armstrong were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, which is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least 25 years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance". [4] Around 1922, he followed his mentor, Joe "King" Oliver, to Chicago to play in the Creole Jazz Band. Louis then married Lucille Wilson, a singer at the Cotton Club in New York, in October 1942; they remained married until his death in 1971. 'Red Beans and Ricely yours, Louis Armstrong.'. Armstrong’s immediately recognizable style and playful sense of humor helped to make him one of the single most important—if not the most important—figures in American music history. [85] His marriage to Parker ended when they separated in 1923. [26], Armstrong developed his cornet skills by playing in the band. [13] At six he attended the Fisk School for Boys,[14] a school that accepted black children in the racially segregated system of New Orleans. "[136] In 1950, Bing Crosby, the most successful vocalist of the first half of the 20th century, said, "He is the beginning and the end of music in America."[137]. "Louis Armstrong - The Reluctant Millionaire". 18 (Prince Hall) in New York, no such lodge has ever existed. By the summer of 1970, his doctors pronounced him fit enough to resume live performances. Standing on the Corner (Blue Yodel No. [62] His impact touched many, including a well-known man during that time named Langston Hughes. [93] The most common tale that biographers tell is the story of Armstrong as a young boy in New Orleans dancing for pennies. Louis Armstrongwas born on 4th August 1901 in New Orleans, the USA to Mr. William Armstrong, a factory worker, and his wife, Mary “Maryann” Albert. Louis Armstrong. His act included singing and telling tales of New Orleans characters, especially preachers. [23] (In his later years Armstrong credited King Oliver.) Armstrong was one of the first popular African-American entertainers to "cross over" to wide popularity with white (and international) audiences. His performance of "Hello Dolly" won for best male pop vocal performance at the 1964 Grammy Awards. [68], By the 1950s, Armstrong was a widely beloved American icon and cultural ambassador who commanded an international fanbase. Young musicians across the country, black or white, were turned on by Armstrong's new type of jazz. Bix Beiderbecke died and Fletcher Henderson's band broke up. [93], The trumpet is a notoriously hard instrument on the lips, and Armstrong suffered from lip damage over much of his life due to his aggressive style of playing and preference for narrow mouthpieces that would stay in place easier, but which tended to dig into the soft flesh of his inner lip. from the live album In Scandinavia vol.1. Being known as "the world's greatest trumpet player" during this time he continued his legacy and decided to continue a focus on his own vocal career. In 1995, the U.S. Post Office issued a Louis Armstrong 32 cents commemorative postage stamp. Still hoping to get back on the road, Armstrong died of a heart attack in his sleep on July 6, 1971, a month before his 70th birthday. Although he is usually listed as being a member of Montgomery Lodge No. By the end of Armstrong's life, his influence had spread to popular music in general. [47] Armstrong's band leading style was easygoing, as St. Cyr noted, "One felt so relaxed working with him, and he was very broad-minded ... always did his best to feature each individual. (Credit: David Redfern/Redferns) In late-1963, Armstrong and his All Stars recorded the title track for an upcoming musical called “Hello, Dolly!” [127] Peggy Lee sang The Lord's Prayer at the services while Al Hibbler sang "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen" and Fred Robbins, a long-time friend, gave the eulogy. [99] The FBI kept a file on Armstrong for his outspokenness about integration. Additionally, jazz itself was transformed from a collectively improvised folk music to a soloist's serious art form largely through his influence. Armstrong used to say that he’d been... 2. [25] Life at the home was spartan. Some sources spell Karnofsky with one "f". It's July 4 weekend, which means it's time to celebrate what we here at the Louis Armstrong House Museum refer to as Louis's "traditional" birthday. Meanwhile, his longtime manager Joe Glaser died. As an adult, Louis Armstrong wore a Star of David pendant to honor the Jewish family who had … Louis Daniel Armstrong is part of G.I. [94], During a backstage meeting with trombonist Marshall Brown in 1959, Armstrong received the suggestion that he should go to a doctor and receive proper treatment for his lips instead of relying on home remedies, but he did not get around to doing it until the final years of his life, by which point his health was failing and doctors considered surgery too risky. The influence of Armstrong on the development of jazz is virtually immeasurable. [93][115], Prior to Armstrong, most collective ensemble playing in jazz, along with its occasional solos, simply varied the melodies of the songs. (Live At The Newport Jazz festival, 1960) [125] He was residing in Corona, Queens, New York City, at the time of his death. Armstrong started to work at Connie's Inn in Harlem, chief rival to the Cotton Club, a venue for elaborately staged floor shows,[56] and a front for gangster Dutch Schultz. In the first verse, he ignores the notated melody entirely and sings as if playing a trumpet solo, pitching most of the first line on a single note and using strongly syncopated phrasing. For a time he was a member of the Lil Hardin Armstrong Band and working for his wife. [36], Oliver's band was among the most influential jazz bands in Chicago in the early 1920s. [93], Often, Armstrong re-composed pop-tunes he played, simply with variations that made them more compelling to jazz listeners of the era. Hardin became Armstrong's second wife and they returned to Chicago to play together and then he began to form his own "Hot" jazz bands. According to Thomas Brothers, recordings, such as "Struttin' with Some Barbeque," were so superb, "planned with density and variety, bluesyness, and showiness," that they were probably showcased at the Sunset Café. Louis ArmstrongTrumpet Player. Armstrong was now free to develop his personal style as he wished, which included a heavy dose of effervescent jive, such as "Whip That Thing, Miss Lil" and "Mr. Johnny Dodds, Aw, Do That Clarinet, Boy! Louis Armstrong Sings Happy Birthday To Bing Crosby - YouTube. [83] They checked into Kid Green's hotel that evening. The same applies to his 1952 studio recording of the song "Chloe", where the choir in the background sings "Louie ... Louie", with Armstrong responding "What was that? In 1968, Armstrong scored one last popular hit in the United Kingdom with "What a Wonderful World", which topped the British charts for a month. Armstrong & His All-Stars. In 1969, he had a cameo role in Gene Kelly's film version of Hello, Dolly! Captain Joseph Jones ran the home like a military camp and used corporal punishment. The band drew the Hollywood crowd, which could still afford a lavish night life, while radio broadcasts from the club connected with younger audiences at home. He spent the night at New Orleans Juvenile Court, then was sentenced the next day to detention at the Colored Waif's Home. Armstrong was performing at the Brick House in Gretna, Louisiana, when he met Daisy Parker, a local prostitute. [140] Dedicated in April 1980, the park includes a 12-foot statue of Armstrong, trumpet in hand. In 1931, Armstrong appeared in his first movie, Ex-Flame and was also convicted of marijuana possession but received a suspended sentence. He was the grandson of slaves and was born in an impoverished family. In 1964, his recording of the song "Hello Dolly" went to number one. He found a job at a dance hall owned by Henry Ponce, who had connections to organized crime. Musicians and close friends usually called him "Pops".[81]. Filter Discography By. 9), Louis Armstrong Hot Five and Hot Seven Sessions, Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louis_Armstrong&oldid=1013524483, Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners, Louis Armstrong and His Hot Seven members, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Performing arts pages with videographic documentation, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Colored Waif's Home for Boys, Fisk School for Boys, Jimmie Rodgers (featuring Louis Armstrong), This page was last edited on 22 March 2021, at 02:09. [31], Armstrong played in brass bands and riverboats in New Orleans, first on an excursion boat in September 1918. Tap to unmute. "[24], Borrowing his stepfather's gun without permission, he fired a blank into the air and was arrested on December 31, 1912. [141], The house where Armstrong lived for almost 28 years was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1977 and is now a museum. The museum opened to the public on October 15, 2003. His honorary pallbearers included Bing Crosby, Ella Fitzgerald, Dizzy Gillespie, Pearl Bailey, Count Basie, Harry James, Frank Sinatra, Ed Sullivan, Earl Wilson, Alan King, Johnny Carson and David Frost. [38], Lil Hardin Armstrong urged him to seek more prominent billing and develop his style apart from the influence of Oliver. Armstrong is renowned for his charismatic stage presence and voice as well as his trumpet playing. in 1964. Mattresses were absent; meals were often little more than bread and molasses. He traveled with the band of Fate Marable, which toured on the steamboat Sidney with the Streckfus Steamers line up and down the Mississippi River. [143], On June 25, 2019, The New York Times Magazine listed Louis Armstrong among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire. Armstrong often stated that he was born on July 4, 1900. [54], Armstrong returned to New York in 1929, where he played in the pit orchestra for the musical Hot Chocolates, an all-black revue written by Andy Razaf and pianist Fats Waller. He was able to access the upper echelons of American society at a time when this was difficult for black men. The nickname was turned on Armstrong himself. Armstrong's version remained on the Hot 100 for 22 weeks, longer than any other record produced that year, and went to No. when he was 63 years old; he was the oldest person at that time to hit the #1 ranking.. Before Fame. He was the first jazz musician to appear on the cover of Time magazine, on February 21, 1949. With Danny Kaye he performed a duet of "When the Saints Go Marching In" during which Kaye impersonated Armstrong. The word "muggles" was a slang term for marijuana, something he used often during his life. The Louis Armstrong House Museum, at 34-56 107th Street between 34th and 37th avenues in Corona, Queens, presents concerts and educational programs, operates as a historic house museum and makes materials in its archives of writings, books, recordings and memorabilia available to the public for research. His participation in Dave Brubeck's high-concept jazz musical The Real Ambassadors (1963) was critically acclaimed, and features "Summer Song", one of Armstrong's most popular vocal efforts. [34], Throughout his riverboat experience, Armstrong's musicianship began to mature and expand. Naming the Days Feature by Frederic and Mary Ann Brussat. Her influence eventually undermined Armstrong's relationship with his mentor, especially concerning his salary and additional money that Oliver held back from Armstrong and other band members. [37], His first studio recordings were with Oliver for Gennett Records on April 5–6, 1923. Armstrong had nineteen "Top Ten" records[120] including "Stardust", "What a Wonderful World", "When The Saints Go Marching In", "Dream a Little Dream of Me", "Ain't Misbehavin'", "You Rascal You", and "Stompin' at the Savoy". As all Armstrong fans know, Louis believed he was born on July 4, 1900. [135] Billie Holiday and Frank Sinatra are just two singers who were greatly indebted to him. ", © FamousBirthdays.com - use subject to the information collection practices disclosed in our Privacy Policy. [93] The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz describes Crosby's debt to Armstrong in precise detail, although it does not acknowledge Armstrong by name: Crosby ... was important in introducing into the mainstream of popular singing an Afro-American concept of song as a lyrical extension of speech ... His techniques—easing the weight of the breath on the vocal cords, passing into a head voice at a low register, using forward production to aid distinct enunciation, singing on consonants (a practice of black singers), and making discreet use of appoggiaturas, mordents, and slurs to emphasize the text—were emulated by nearly all later popular singers. Related Videos. Armstrong appeared in films such as High Society (1956) alongside Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, and Frank Sinatra, and Hello, Dolly! On the next day, March 19, 1919, Armstrong and Parker married at City Hall. He heard the early sounds of jazz from bands that played in brothels and dance halls such as Pete Lala's, where King Oliver performed. Peter Davis, who frequently appeared at the home at the request of Captain Jones,[27] became Armstrong's first teacher and chose him as bandleader. [15] While selling coal in Storyville, he heard spasm bands, groups that played music out of household objects. At the end of it, he was hospitalized for a heart attack. The Great Depression of the early 1930s was especially hard on the jazz scene. He earned a reputation at "cutting contests" and his fame reached band leader Fletcher Henderson. His second wife helped him develop his career, but they separated in 1931 and divorced in 1938. It was during Hall's tenure at the venue that she experimented, developed and expanded her use and art of scat singing with Armstrong's guidance and encouragement. Holiday said that she always wanted Bessie Smith's 'big' sound and Armstrong's feeling in her singing. Left with her two children and in extreme poverty, her mother left him and his si… As a result, he branched out, developing his vocal style and making his first theatrical appearances. His influence upon Crosby is particularly important with regard to the subsequent development of popular music: Crosby admired and copied Armstrong, as is evident on many of his early recordings, notably "Just One More Chance" (1931). [117] On a later recording, Armstrong also sang out "I done forgot the words" in the middle of recording "I'm A Ding Dong Daddy From Dumas". It was on this occasion that he found out that she had a common-law husband. "[97], Armstrong was largely accepted into white society, both on stage and off, a rarity for a black person at the time. [65], Armstrong changed the jazz during the Harlem Renaissance. After spending many years on the road, Armstrong settled permanently in Queens, New York in 1943 in contentment with his fourth wife, Lucille. When Louis Armstrongwas still young, his father abandoned his mother for another woman. His mother often had to resort to prostitution to provide for the family. [43][44], In 1925, Armstrong returned to Chicago largely at the insistence of Lil, who wanted to expand his career and his income. Bing Crosby and many other celebrities were regulars at the club. It was at the Sunset Café that Armstrong accompanied singer Adelaide Hall. He met the six-foot tall drummer Black Benny, who became his guide and bodyguard. Morgenstern, Dan, and Sheldon Meyer (2004). Some musicians criticized Armstrong for playing in front of segregated audiences, and for not taking a strong enough stand in the American civil rights movement. He avidly typed or wrote on whatever stationery was at hand, recording instant takes on music, sex, food, childhood memories, his heavy "medicinal" marijuana use—and even his bowel movements, which he gleefully described. Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an inventive trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of the music from collective improvisation to solo performance. [124] He was released from the hospital in May, and quickly resumed practicing his trumpet playing. "I just play music. 1, November 1964. Norman Granz then had the vision for Ella and Louis to record Porgy and Bess. Through his playing, the trumpet emerged as a solo instrument in jazz and is used widely today. [64] The sound of jazz, along with many other musicians such as Armstrong, helped shape Hughes as a writer. Escape will cancel and close the window. He embarked on another world tour, but a heart attack forced him to take a break for two months. [122] In 1947, he played himself in the movie New Orleans opposite Billie Holiday, which chronicled the demise of the Storyville district and the ensuing exodus of musicians from New Orleans to Chicago. Morris Karnoffsky gave Armstrong an advance toward the purchase of a cornet from a pawn shop. Armstrong was virtually the first to create significant variations based on the chord harmonies of the songs instead of merely on the melodies. "[20] He wore a Star of David pendant for the rest of his life and wrote about what he learned from them: "how to live—real life and determination. Hines and Armstrong became fast friends and successful collaborators. [12], Louis Armstrong was raised by his grandmother until the age of five when he was returned to his mother. [22] Armstrong joined a quartet of boys who sang in the streets for money. Against his doctor's advice, Armstrong played a two-week engagement in March 1971 at the Waldorf-Astoria's Empire Room. His 1930s recordings took full advantage of the new RCA ribbon microphone, introduced in 1931, which imparted a characteristic warmth to vocals and immediately became an intrinsic part of the 'crooning' sound of artists like Bing Crosby. Along with his "clarinet-like figurations and high notes in his cornet solos", he was also known for his "intense rhythmic 'swing', a complex conception involving ... accented upbeats, upbeat to downbeat slurring, and complementary relations among rhythmic patterns. [106], The concern with his health and weight was balanced by his love of food, reflected in such songs as "Cheesecake", "Cornet Chop Suey",[107] though "Struttin' with Some Barbecue" was written about a fine-looking companion, not about food. Faubus", David Margolick, The Day Louis Armstrong Made Noise, "9 Things You May Not Know About Louis Armstrong – History Lists", "Rare Footage of Duke Ellington Highlights When Jazz and Baseball Were in Perfect Harmony", "NPR's Jazz Profiles from NPR: Louis Armstrong: The Singer", "Louis Armstrong's Secret Lessons From Judaism", "High Society (1956) - High Society Calpyso", "Louis Armstrong, Jazz Trumpeter and Singer, Dies", "Louis Armstrong Dies: 1971 Year in Review", "Experience The Music: One Hit Wonders and The Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll", "At Home with Harold Bloom: (3) The Jazz Bridge", "Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire", Louis Armstrong: discography and early recordings (RealPlayer format), "Louis Armstrong Transcription Project – John P Birchall", Discography of American Historical Recordings, "How (and Why) I Grew to Love King Louis", "When I Pick Up That Horn, That's All" by Nat Hentoff, "Louis Armstrong collected news and commentary", You Won't Be Satisfied (Until You Break My Heart), The Complete Ella Fitzgerald & Louis Armstrong on Verve. 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